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Radiology and Imaging Science Division, Department of Surgical/Hospital Dentistry, The University of Louisville School of Dentistry, 501 South Preston, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
Radiology and Imaging Science Division, Department of Surgical/Hospital Dentistry, The University of Louisville School of Dentistry, 501 South Preston, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
In 1972, the independent findings of Hounsfield and Cormack revolutionized diagnostic
imaging with the invention of the computed tomography (CT) scanner [
]. For the first time, practitioners had access to x-ray devices that could generate
narrow cross-sectional images, usually perpendicular to the long axis of the human
body, hence, the term computed axial tomography or CAT scan. This technology, fan-beam CT, was the first practical electronic application
of the tomographic principal in diagnostic imaging [
] and provided images that eliminated the superimposition of adjacent anatomic structures
inherent in conventional plain projection radiography and the blur of analog tomography.
The availability of CT images facilitated new perspectives in imaging diagnosis by
reducing much of the guesswork that was often interlaced with projection imaging.
CT is now an essential imaging modality of the diagnostic algorithm for an increasing
variety of clinical applications [
]. CT acquisition has subsequently been refined to incorporate a helical or spiral
synchronous motion, fan-shaped beam, and multiple detector acquisition (MDCT), which
enables fast scan times that provide high-quality images that can be integrated to
produce a volumetric dataset. Although CT has been available for more than 4 decades,
its clinical applications in dentistry have been limited because of the high equipment
cost, limited access because of the certificate-of-need requirements in some jurisdictions,
and radiation dose considerations (Fig. 1A).
Fig. 1(A) Modern multi-slice CT scanner (Toshiba Aquilion 64 [Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo,
Japan]). (B) Modern CBCT scanner (NewTom Vgi [QR Verona, Verona, Italy]) similar in appearance
to a panoramic machine.
(Courtesy of TOSHIBA medical [A], NewTom Vgi [B]; with permission.)
American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology executive opinion statement on performing and interpreting diagnostic cone beam computed tomography.
American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
Use of cone-beam computed tomography in endodontics joint position statement of the American Association of Endodontists and the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.
Patient risk related to common dental radiographic examinations: the impact of 2007 International Commission on Radiological Protection recommendations regarding dose calculation.
